Flags, Symbols & Currency of Romania
The National Flag of Romania was officially adopted on December 27, 1989.
The National Flag of Romania is a vertical tricolor and features three equal vertical bands of cobalt blue (hoist side), chrome yellow, and vermillion red. The colors are those of the principalities of Walachia (red and yellow) and Moldavia (red and blue), which united in 1862 to form Romania. The flag has a width-to-length proportion ratio of 2:3.
History of the Flag of Romania
The colors red, blue and yellow, that feature in modern Romania鈥檚 national flag were used in the flag of the revolutionaries during the Wallachian uprising of 1821. In 1848, the 鈥淛ustice, Fraternity鈥� flag of the Wallachian revolutionaries was used as the first modern tricolor flag. According to historians, the blood red color represented fraternity, the field yellow color symbolized justice and the sky-blue color was a symbol of liberty. Later, the design of the flag was altered to get the yellow band to the center. Although the colors remained nearly constant, their orders and direction (vertical/horizontal) in the flag changed several times over the years. In 1859, Wallachia and Moldavia joined together, creating the United Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia, and adopted the Romanian horizontal tricolor. The Kingdom of Romania was created under the monarchy of Carlo I in 1881. The tricolor flag used during this time featured blue-yellow-red colors. The monarchy ended with Michael I鈥檚 abdication and on December 30, 1947, Romania was declared to be Communist People鈥檚 Republic under the Romanian Communist Party. In 1965, Romania was subsequently renamed as the Socialist Republic of Romania. All the symbols that represented the former Kingdom of Romania were banned from use. A new flag was designed where the yellow band had an emblem of the country placed in the center. During the decades of Communist rule in Romania, the design of the coat of arms was also altered several times. Starting on December 1989, during the Romanian revolution, the revolutionaries at Timi葯oara started using flags with the Communist coat of arms, that were cut out from the flag. They used these flags with holes as a sign of protest against the existing regime. In the same year, when Romania gained independence from the Communist regime, the current national flag of modern-day Romania was adopted.
Historical Flags
Flag of Romanian People's Republic
Flag of Romanian People's Republic
Flag of Romania SSR
Symbols of Romania
The National Coat of Arms of Romania
The National Coat of Arms of Romania was adopted on September 10, 1992. The main element in Romania's coat of arms is a golden eagle with a cross in its beak, a mace and sword in its talons, and a shield protecting its front. The five sections of the shield are representative of the five historical provinces of Romania, and each contains its traditional symbol. The eagle in the upper left corner is for Wallachia; the bull in the upper right for Moldavia; the lower middle dolphins for Dobrogea; the lion and bridge in the lower left section for Oltenia and Banat; finally, the black eagle, seven castles, a sun and moon in the lower right represent Transylvania.
National Anthem
- Anthem Title: "De葯teapt膬-te, rom芒ne!" (鈥淲ake up, Romanian鈥�)
- Music Composer: Anton Pann
- Lyricist: Andrei Mure艧ianu
- Date of Adoption: April, 1990
"De葯teapt膬-te, rom芒ne!" (鈥淲ake up, Romanian鈥�) is the national anthem of Romania. The music of the anthem have been composed by Anton Pann. The lyrics of the anthem have been authored by Andrei Mure艧ianu. The anthem was officially adopted in April, 1990.聽 Out of the full 11-stanza anthem, only the first, second, fourth, and last stanzas are sung in official ceremonies. However, the full anthem is sung in major National events.聽
"De葯teapt膬-te, rom芒ne!" (Romanian)
1.
De葯teapt膬-te, rom芒ne, din somnul cel de moarte,
脦n care te-ad芒ncir膬 barbarii de tirani!
Acum ori niciodat膬, croie葯te-葲i alt膬 soarte,
La care s膬 se-nchine 葯i cruzii t膬i du葯mani.
2.
Acum ori niciodat膬 s膬 d膬m dovezi la lume
C膬-n aste m芒ni mai curge un s芒nge de roman,
葮i c膬-n a noastre piepturi p膬str膬m cu fal膬-un nume
Triumf膬tor 卯n lupte, un nume de Traian!
3.
脦nal葲膬-葲i lata frunte 葯i caut膬-n giur de tine,
Cum stau ca brazi 卯n munte voinici sute de mii;
Un glas ei mai a葯teapt膬 葯i sar ca lupi 卯n st芒ne,
B膬tr芒ni, b膬rba葲i, juni, tineri, din mun葲i 葯i din c芒mpii!
4.
Privi葲i, m膬re葲e umbre, Mihai, 葮tefan, Corvine,
Rom芒na na葲iune, ai vo葯tri str膬nepo葲i,
Cu bra葲ele armate, cu focul vostru-n vine,
鈥濾ia葲a-n libertate ori moarte!鈥� strig膬 to葲i.聽 聽 聽
5.
Pre voi v膬 nimicir膬 a pizmei r膬utate
葮i oarba neunire la Milcov 葯i Carpa葲i!
Dar noi, p膬trun葯i la suflet de sf芒nta libertate,
Jur膬m c膬 vom da m芒na, s膬 fim pururea fra葲i!
6.
O mam膬 v膬duvit膬 de la Mihai cel Mare
Pretinde de la fii-葯i azi m芒n膬 d-ajutori,
葮i blast膬m膬 cu lacr膬mi 卯n ochi pe ori葯icare,
脦n astfel de pericul s-ar face v芒nz膬tori!
7.
De fulgere s膬 piar膬, de tr膬snet 葯i pucioas膬,
Oricare s-ar retrage din gloriosul loc,
C芒nd patria sau mama, cu inima duioas膬,
Va cere ca s膬 trecem prin sabie 葯i foc!
8.
N-ajunse iataganul barbarei semilune,
A c膬rui pl膬gi fatale 葯i azi le mai sim葲im;
Acum se v芒r膬 cnuta 卯n vetrele str膬bune,
Dar martor ne e Domnul c膬 vii nu o primim!
9.
N-ajunse despotismul cu-ntreaga lui orbie,
Al c膬rui jug din seculi ca vitele-l purt膬m;
Acum se-ncearc膬 cruzii, 卯n oarba lor trufie,
S膬 ne r膬peasc膬 limba, dar mor葲i numai o d膬m!
10.
Rom芒ni din patru unghiuri, acum ori niciodat膬
Uni葲i-v膬 卯n cuget, uni葲i-v膬-n sim葲iri!
Striga葲i 卯n lumea larg膬 c膬 Dun膬rea-i furat膬
Prin intrig膬 葯i sil膬, viclene uneltiri!聽 聽 聽
11.
Preo葲i, cu crucea-n frunte c膬ci oastea e cre葯tin膬,
Deviza-i libertate 葯i scopul ei preasf芒nt.
Murim mai bine-n lupt膬, cu glorie deplin膬,
Dec芒t s膬 fim sclavi iar膬葯i 卯n vechiul nost鈥� p膬m芒nt!
鈥淲ake up, Romanian鈥�
1.
Wake up, Romanian,聽from your sleep of death
Into which you have been sunk by barbaric tyrants
Now, or never, make a new fate for yourself,
To which even your cruel enemies will bow.
2.
Now or never let us give proof to the 海角社区
That in these veins Roman blood still flows,
That in our chests we hold a name with pride,
Victorious in battles, the name of Trajan!
3.
Raise your broad forehead and see around you
How, like fir trees on a mountain, hundreds of thousands of strong men stand;
Just waiting for a voice to pounce like wolves on sheep,
Elders, men, youths, boys, from the mountains and from the plains.
4.
Behold, great shadows, Michael, Stephen, Corvinus,
The Romanian Nation, your great-grandchildren,
With weapons in their arms, with your fire in their veins,
"Life in freedom or death!" shout all.
5.
You were vanquished by the evils of your envy
And by your blind disunity, at Milcov and the Carpathians!
But we, whose souls were pierced by holy liberty,
Swear that for ever in brotherhood will join.
6.
A widowed mother from the time of Michael the Great
Claims from her sons today a helping hand,
And with tears in her eyes curses whomsoever,
In such great peril, a traitor would become.
7.
Of thunder and of brimstone should they perish
Anyone who would flee the glorious place
When our land or our mother, with a sorrowful heart,
Will ask us to cross through swords and blazing fire.
8.
Didn't we have enough of the yatagan of the barbaric crescent
Whose fatal wounds we still feel today;
Now the knout, is intruding in our ancestral homes,
But the Lord is our witness that we shall not accept it alive.
9.
Didn't we have enough of the blinded despotism,
Whose yoke, like cattle, for centuries we have carried?
Now the cruel ones are trying, in their blind arrogance,
To take away our language, but only dead will we surrender it.
10.
Romanians from the four corners, now or never
Unite in thought, unite in feeling
Proclaim to the wide 海角社区 that the Danube is stolen
Through intrigue and coercion, sly machinations.
11.
Priests, lead with your crucifixes, for our army is Christian,
The motto is Liberty and its goal is holy,
Better to die in battle, in full glory,
Than to once again be slaves upon our ancient ground!
The Currency of Romania is the Romanian leu
The current official currency of Romania is the Romanian leu (RON). The name of the currency literally translates into "lion". The currency is further divided into 100 bani. Although Romania joined the European Union in January 2007, the leu has continued to be used as the official currency of the country.
听颁辞颈苍蝉
In terms of coins of the Romanian leu, these were first issued right when the Romanian leu was introduced back in 1867. Right until 2005, these were issued with different compositions, most of which were in silver, nickel, and copper. The series of coins being used at the moment (5, 10, 50 bani) in the country was introduced in 2005, when the fourth iteration was introduced, even though the 50 bani coin has been put through several iterations during this time.
Banknotes
A number of banknotes were published in Romania from 1877 to 2005. By the year 2005, polymer-based notes were introduced in the country. The notes were for 1, 5, 10, 50, 100 and 500 lei. However, in 2006, lei notes worth 200 were issued for use for the very first time. What needs to be mentioned here is that the designs of these notes are based on that of several earlier lei notes starting from 10,000 to 1 million. The series of banknotes (1 leu, 5, 10, 50, 100, 200 lei) being used these days was introduced mostly in 2005. However, certain versions of a few banknotes were introduced later with different colors and value.
Historical currencies of Romania
The history of the Romanian leu dates back to the mid-19th century. From what is known, it was derived from the Dutch thaler, a silver coin that had been used throughout Europe for almost four hundred years. With the passage of time, the currency has been through four different iterations. The very first iteration took place in 1947 where it was replaced at a value of 1 new leu being equal to 20,000 old. The second replacement could only last until 1952, after which it was again replaced without any warning as such, at values that varied depending on the type of exchange. With time, the currency remained stable and the third leu was not replaced until 2005. In 2005, however, it was replaced at a value of 1 new leu to 10,000 old. Throughout the years, the revaluation played a significant role in terms of bringing the leu more in sync with the currencies of other neighbouring countries.
Dutch thaler Coin
