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Hungary is a country in Central Europe. From 1949 until 1989 Hungary was a satellite state of the Soviet Union. During the Revolutions of 1989, Hungary peacefully transitioned from a communist country to having democracy and capitalism. Unlike the other Eastern Bloc countries that broke from the Soviet Union and communism, Hungary did not adopt a new constitution right away. Instead, they took the 1949 Constitution and heavily amended it. On January 1, 2012, a new constitution came into force.

Presidents

脕rp谩d G枚ncz

脕rp谩d G枚ncz (1922-2015) was the second President of Hungary and the first elected president of the country. During the inaugural meeting of parliament on May 2nd, 1990, G枚ncz was elected Speaker of the National Assembly and in turn the Acting President of Hungary.

J谩nos 脕der (Incumbent)

J谩nos 脕der is the sixth and current President of Hungary. He was elected on May 2nd, 2012 about a month after the resignation of his predecessor. He has stressed the fourth generation human rights outlined in the new constitution, as well as the country being active in the UN鈥檚 Friends of Water working group and dealing with water and sanitation issues. 脕der's most controversial moment came in March 2013 when he signed the controversial fourth amendment to Hungary's constitution that restricted the Constitutional Court's powers and gave more power to the president of the Kuria and the chief prosecutor.

Prime Ministers聽

Viktor Orb谩n

Viktor Orb谩n was born on May 31, 1963, in Sz茅kesfeh茅rv谩r, Hungary and is the incumbent Prime Minister. He is also the third longest serving Prime Minister in the history of Hungary. Viktor Orb谩n is not only a politician but also a jurist and has served as Hungarian Prime Minister twice. Orb谩n was first elected as Prime Minister in 1998 and served till 2002 but failed to retain his seat and lost to the Socialists party and was defeated again in 2006. For eight years Viktor Orb谩n was the leader of the opposition until 2010 when he was re-elected as Prime Minister in Hungary and later in 2014. Viktor Orb谩n is considered to be one of the most influential leaders in the European Union.

Ferenc Gyurcs谩ny

Ferenc Gyurcs谩ny was born on June 4^th, 1961 in P谩pa, Hungary and is an entrepreneur-politician. He had served as Minister of Youth Affairs and Sports in the years between 2003 and 2004. On August 25^th, 2004 the Hungarian Socialist Party nominated Ferenc Gyurcs谩ny as Prime Minister following the resignation of then Prime Minister P茅ter Medgyessy following a conflict with the party's coalition partner. He was later reelected in 2006 but resigned on March 28^th, 2009 stating that he was a barrier to Hungary's economic and social reforms. In 2011 Gyurcs谩ny and other members of the Hungarian Socialist Party quit establishing their party known as the Democratic Coalition.

The Duties of the President

The president of Hungary serves as the head of state and commander-in-chief for the country. They are elected once every five years by the National Assembly. The position of president is largely a ceremonial position but it does come with some important duties. The president is the one who appoints the prime minister and ask for a coalition government to be formed if no party wins a majority of seats in the National Assembly. The president also may participate in Parliament and initiate certain laws or national referendum. They can also decide dates for elections, dissolve Parliament and can take decisions in respect to certain special legislation.