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The National Flag of Uzbekistan was officially adopted on November 18, 1991.

The National Flag of Uzbekistan is a multi-colored rectangular flag featuring three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and green. The middle white band is divided from the upper and bottom band by a thin red stripe on either side. Towards the left of the blue band is a vertical, white crescent moon and 12 white, five-pointed stars shifted to the hoist on the top band. The stars are arranged in three rows. The top row has three stars, the middle one has four while the bottom row has the remaining five stars. The white color signifies peace and the striving for purity in thoughts and deeds. The blue color is representative of the sky and water and is also inspired by the flag of Timur who ruled over present-day Uzbekistan in the 14^th century. The green color represents nature and all its bounty. It also recognizes the dominant Muslim religion in the state. The two red fimbriations represent the vital force of all living organisms that links good and pure ideas with the eternal sky and with deeds on earth. The independence and rebirth of Uzbekistan from colonial clutches are symbolized by the crescent-shaped moon on the blue stripe. It also represents Islam and the holy month of Ramadan, where the Muslims rely on the crescent moon (鈥渉ilal鈥�) as a signal for them to start fasting. The twelve stars next to the moon have two symbolic meanings: they represent the twelve months that are in the Islamic year as well as the twelve symbols of the zodiac. The 12 stars are arranged on the flag in such a manner that they visually allude to the 鈥淎llah鈥� inscription in the Arabic script. The flag has a width-to-length proportion ratio of 1:2.聽

History of the Flag of Uzbekistan

The design of the current flag has been inspired by the colonial flag that represented the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic in 1952. The colonial flag under Soviet rule had three colors: where red is the dominant color with two thick red bands sandwiching a thinner blue band with a white border. This flag also had a crossed hammer and sickle that was placed below a star in the canton. The red color, sickle, hammer, and star are all Soviet Union鈥檚 symbols; while the blue color represented the sky; the white border color represented the cotton industry. After the fall of the Soviet Union and the independence of Uzbekistan, a national contest was held to chose the flag design. More than 200 entrants made their submissions which were evaluated by a special commission that was created for the purpose. An extraordinary seating of the Uzbek Supreme Soviet finally picked the winning design on November 18, 1991.

National Anthem

• Anthem Title: "O驶zbekiston Respublikasining Davlat Madhiyasi" ("The State Anthem of the Republic of Uzbekistan")
• Music Composer: Mutal Burhonov
• Lyricist: Abdulla Oripov
• Date of Adoption: December 10, 1992

"O驶zbekiston Respublikasining Davlat Madhiyasi" ("The State Anthem of the Republic of Uzbekistan") is the national anthem of Uzbekistan. The music of the anthem have been composed by Mutal Burhonov. The lyrics of the anthem have been authored by Abdulla Oripov. The anthem was officially adopted on December 10, 1992.聽

The current official currency of Uzbekistan is Uzbekistani so驶m (UZS). The currency name means 鈥減ure鈥� or "pure gold鈥� in the Turkic languages. The Central Bank of the Republic of Uzbekistan is in charge of issuing the currency.

Coins

Currently, coins in denominations of 50, 100, 200, 500 so驶m are in circulation.

The first so驶m had no coins. Coins were only released in two series for the second so驶m, which was introduced on July 1, 1994. The Cyrillic script and the Latin script were used for writing on the coins of the first and the second series, respectively. The second series included coins in denominations of 1-, 5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, and 100-so驶m. The 1-so驶m coin is made of stainless steel and the 5-so'm coin of brass-clad steel, while the 10-, 25-, 50-, and 100-so驶m coins are made of nickel-clad steel. The observe of the coins features the Coat of arms while the reverse features a map of Uzbekistan.

Banknotes

Currently, Banknotes in denominations of 1000, 5000, 10,000, 50,000 and 1,00,000 so驶m are in circulation.

Uzbekistan suffers from a high rate of inflation which is a sensitive issue in the country. The high inflation rates forced the Uzbeks to carry large amounts of banknotes for payments in their everyday lives including grocery shopping and bill payments. This situation caused great inconvenience to the people of the country. Thus, the government of Uzbekistan was forced to issue higher denomination banknotes of 50,000 and 1,00,000 so驶m.

Historical Currencies of Uzbekistan

Uzbekistan was part of the former Soviet Union and declared its independence from the Union in 1991. For a while after its independence, Uzbekistan continued to use the Soviet/Russian ruble as its currency. On November 15, 1993, Uzbekistan launched its currency, the so驶m. The currency was launched as a transitional currency and only banknotes were issued. There were no subdivisions of the so驶m but the denominations on the banknotes ranged from as low as 1,3, and 5 to as high as 5,000 and 10,000. The notes also had a rather simple design with the obverse side featuring the coat of arms and the other side depicting the Sher-Dor Madrasah. A year later, on July 1, 1994, a second so驶m was launched in Uzbekistan. The currency now had subdivisions where one so驶m was equal to 100 tiyin. When compared to the previous so驶m, 1,000 old so驶m was equal to 1 new so驶m.